• Transduction of cellular signals by G

  2020-11-28

  

  Transduction of cellular signals by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is stringently regulated to prevent the deleterious effects of unrestrained GPCR signaling. The rapid termination of signaling mediated by agonist-occupied GPCRs is referred to as homologous desensitization and involves the foll

• The pyrrolo benzodiazepines PBDs are a family

  2020-11-28

  

  The pyrrolo[2,1-][1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs) are a family of antitumour antibiotics that includes the natural products anthramycin and DC-81. They exert their cytotoxicity by covalently bonding to the exocyclic C2–NH group of guanine residues in the minor groove of DNA through their N10–C11 imine fu

• The quantification and monitoring of ChEs enzymatic activiti

  2020-11-27

  

  The quantification and monitoring of ChEs enzymatic activities have traditionally been associated to environmental studies in order to diagnose the exposure of non-target organisms to specific anti-cholinesterasic agents (Nunes, 2011). The importance of these enzymes as biomarkers of environmental c

• Although we observed increases in AR mediated cAMP productio

  2020-11-27

  

  Although we observed increases in α1-AR mediated cAMP production separately in the nucleus and cytoplasm, compartment specificity was observed for PKA activation. GPCRs and their effector proteins are commonly found in multiprotein signalosomes with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) serving as sca

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2020-11-27

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion COX-2-mediated production of PGE2 is involved in cell growth and metastasis of many cancers. Previous studies indicated that COX-2 was overexpressed in many cancer tissues and that PGE2 increased cancer cell growth, a process that could be suppressed

• The relatively less well studied

  2020-11-27

  

  The relatively less well-studied encodes the E2 type SUMO-conjugating enzyme. In plants, the SCE family members play roles in abiotic stress responses. An E2 enzyme, SaSce9, from plays roles in salinity and drought stress responses (). Furthermore, SCE can respond to heat stress in rice (). Howeve

• Dysfunction of the ubiquitin proteasome system

  2020-11-27

  

  Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system causes abnormal organelle morphology and impairs sperm formation and maturation steps resulting in male infertility [[7], [8], [9]]; this indicates that ubiquitination is essential for spermatogenesis and sperm function during fertilization. β-catenin i

• br Abbreviations br Acknowledgements br

  2020-11-27

  

  Abbreviations Acknowledgements Introduction Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DbH) is the enzyme catalysing the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, two important neurotransmitters involved in the central nervous system [1]. This enzyme has been isolated from bovine chromaffin granules as a tetr

• To study the role of

  2020-11-27

  

  To study the role of DNA–PK in the response to replication arrest, we used the DNA replication inhibitor aphidicolin (APH). APH, a mycotoxin isolated from Cephalosporium aphidicola, inhibits DNA replication by interacting with the replicating DNA polymerase α (pol α). APH specifically inhibits the a

• In addition to demonstrating the importance of

  2020-11-27

  

  In addition to demonstrating the importance of DNMTs, we show that TGFβ1 differentially regulated DNMTs, and that TGFβ1 is both necessary and sufficient to induce lineage conversion of hepatocytes into MLCs with phenotypes and multipotency resembling MSCs. Upon withdrawal of TGFβ1 on day 28, we obse

• To examine the influence of aromatic

  2020-11-27

  

  To examine the influence of aromatic motifs on the bridging lysine esters we analysed DNA alkylating activity of the set of compounds 1–6. The lysine derivatives were chosen as it is relatively easy to prepare different esters and thereby study the impact of different groups on the reactivity toward

• The two isoforms LDH A

  2020-11-26

  

  The two isoforms LDH-A and LDH-B catalyze the same reaction, conversion of pyruvate to lactate at the end of glycolysis. LDH-A is expressed in the liver. Humans with a hereditary deficiency of the A or B LDH isoforms are free of symptoms, except for muscle rigidity and myoglobinuria following strenu

• The role of ARA cyp metabolites in the liver is

  2020-11-26

  

  The role of ARA-cyp450 metabolites in the liver is still unclear [44]. However, ARA-cyp450 genes metabolize other fatty acids such lauric and palmitic 84 [45]. It was found that decreased cyp4a expression caused fatty livers through reduction of fatty acid metabolism [46]. In this study, we found t

• MTT results show that both pancreatic cell lines

  2020-11-26

  

  MTT results show that, both pancreatic cell lines were quite sensitive to camptothecin (CPT), a well known topoisomerase I poison. Interestingly, CPT does not show any selectivity over cancer cell lines probably due to the duplication times for cancerous (MIA PaCa-2) and immortalized healthy (HPDEC)

• br Role of CRF receptors in the BNST in stress

  2020-11-26

  

  Role of CRF1 receptors in the BNST in stress-induced relapse to cocaine seeking The seminal work of Stewart and co-workers [19] showed that rats that have extinguished their auto-administration of different drugs of abuse relapse to drug-seeking behaviour when exposed to footshock, even after a 4

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